Sunday, September 7, 2008

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How is the data container build in Oracle, FileMaker, Firebird,and SQLite?

Oracle -this is how Oracle Maestro looks when you start it for the first time.
-select the Database Create Database Profiles main menu item to create profiles for the existing databases.
-after you have created the required database profiles (Create Database Profile Wizard) they appear in the explorer tree on the left. Now you can establish connection to the database. If connection succeeds, the database node expands displaying the tree of its objects.
-new tables are created within Create Table Wizard. In order to run the wizard you should either:

-select the Object Create Database Object... main menu item;
-select the Table icon in the Create Database Object dialog or
-select the Tables list or any object from that list in the explorer tree;
-select the Create New Table... item from the popup menu or-open and the Tables tab there;-press the Insert key or select the Create New Table item from the popup menu (alternatively, you may use the corresponding link of the Navigation Bar).

FileMaker -you select from a palette of files, fields, and graphic tools to create a structure.
-the first step in designing a database is choosing what information you want to store in a database.
-the second step is to create fields in your file. This requires deciding what types of fields you want. For example, fields can store text, numbers, pictures, or other kinds of data.
-the third step is to create layouts. Layouts are computer screens that present information to you. Usually a database provides graphic tools that can enhance the appearance of the layout. For example, you can add boxes, lines, and fill patterns by using the tool palette.

Firebird -database are made in the Create Database Wizard.
-to run the Create Database Wizard, select the Database Create New Database... main menu item or click the Create New Database button on the main toolbar.
-the first wizard step allows you to set a name of the new database.
-database Editor allows you to browse all the database objects and its main properties. There is possible to create, edit and drop database sub-items.

SQLite -just click the "Create New Database" button from the main menu item
-this will lead you to the Create Database Wizard
-once you have accomplish filling up some informations in the Wizard window, you have now your database
-in making tables, you must first connect to a database.
-once you have connected, just right-click the database item in the explorer tree. Then, click "Create New Table".

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In not less than two hundred (200) words, post the background/history of the software version you intend to use in your presentation.Background/history of Firebird Maestro:

Firebird Maestro is the premier Windows GUI admin tool for Firebird Server management, control and development.Firebird Maestro allows you to create, edit, copy, extract and drop all the database objects such as tables, views, procedures, domains, generators, etc., design your database as ER diagram, build queries visually, execute queries and SQL scripts, view and edit data including BLOBs, represent data as diagrams, export and import data to/from most popular file formats, manage Firebird users, and their privileges, and use a lot of other tools designed for the easiest and most efficient work with Firebird Server.

10 reasons to use Firebird Maestro:
1. Latest Firebird versions support-Firebird Maestro supports all the latest versions of Firebird server-Use Firebird Maestro to work with any Firebird server version from 1.0 to 2.1! Among other things our software supports multi-purposed triggers for Firebird server versions 1.5+, indexes by expressions, sequences that were implemented in Firebird 2.0, database triggers (Firebird 2.1), viewing and editing data in UTF-8/Unicode encodings and much more.

2. Powerful security management-Firebird security system is easy and at the same time really covenient in Firebird Maestro-Tune up your Firebird server security policy with several mouse clicks. Firebird Maestro provides you with a number of powerful editors that make management of Firebird users and their privileges as easy as it can be, even if you are not a skilled Firebird administrator that make management.

3. Easy database objects management-Firebird Maestro is incredibly easy in database objects management-Windows clipboard, drag-and-drop operations, local pop-up menus - all of them can be used with database objects now! For example, to copy an object, simply drag and drop the object from one database to another, or use the Ctrl+C and Ctrl+V shortcuts instead of performing a long succession of manual operations.

4. Clear in use-Even a newbie can use Firebird Maestro-Firebird Maestro is as easy in use as Windows explorer! Firebird Maestro provides you with an understandable "explorer-like" navigation style, well-described wizard system, quick launch panel for performing the commonest operations, and a lot of other tools and features which do not require deep knowledge of Firebird.

5. Advanced SQL Editor-Firebird Maestro allows you to create and execute queries in the most convenient way-Handy SQL Editor provides you with an ability to execute several queries simultaneously. Each query is executed in a separate thread, so all Firebird Maestro opportunities remain available and there is no need to wait for your complex query to be completed. Such features as syntax highlighting and code completion make your work with the Editor extremely comfortable.

6. Powerful data export and import-Firebird Maestro provides you with advanced data export and import abilities-Firebird Maestro supports more than twelve formats for data export and six formats for data import. These are MS Excel, MS Access, MS Word, RTF, HTML, PDF, XML, CSV, DBF and more. Moreover, Firebird Maestro does not require any additional software installed for all the supported formats.

7. Full support for BLOB fields-Firebird Maestro has an ability to view BLOB data in various ways-Using Firebird Maestro you can view or edit BLOB data in the following ways: hexadecimal dump, plain text, graphical image or HTML page. A graphical representation of BLOB data supports five image formats: BMP, Windows metafile, JPEG, GIF and PNG.

8. Viewing data as diagrams-Firebird Maestro allows you to build diagrams based on Firebird server.-This exclusive feature represents numeric data from a table or a query result as a diagram with a possibility of customizing its appearance in various ways. You can also easy export the diagram to the following formats: BMP, Windows metafile, PDF, JPEG, PNG and more.

9. The fastest way for building queries-Firebird Maestro allows you to create the SELECT statements visually-The Visual Query Builder is a powerful tool of Firebird Maestro intended for designing queries as visual diagrams. This tool does not require any knowledge of the SELECT statement syntax, it will form a query automatically, you just need to mark what information do you want to retrieve.

10. Full customization according to your preferences and needs-Firebird Maestro admits to flexible customization-In Firebird Maestro you can customize the behavior of all its tools, select a user interface scheme and set a lot of other various

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Distinguish the difference/relationships between folder,file,records, and fields:

Folder - contains records, and in which each record is specified in a single line.
File- stores information.
Tuple-an item or collection of data.
Fields-is a place where you can store data.

Relationship:
-Information in the database is generally stored in several different files. Each file consists of series of records. Each records consists of several fields, with each field containing an individual data item.
-fields, records, files and objects optimized to deal with very large amounts of data stored on a permanent structure.

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Differentiate all basic and alternative database models:

Hierarchical- this is a tree structured model for a database. It requires that the application knows about the physical relationships between entities. The structure is rigid. IMS is a hierarchical database.

Network- an extension of the tree into a lattice so that multiple relationships can be supported. The CODASYL standard defines features for network databases. This model is inflexible, requiring significant changes if relationships change. IDMS is a network database.

Relational- this model is based on relational algebra and encompasses the rules developed by Codd. Most of the databases in commercial use now are relational, e.g., Sybase, Oracle, Ingres. The model is flexible and extensible.

Object- object databases address the need to store more complex data types than are supported by the relational model.

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(A) Identify at least 10 DBMS software with corresponding developer:
1. Microsoft Acess-Microsoft
2. SQLite- Richard Hipp
3. Firebird-Firebird Project
4. MySQL-Sun Microsystems
5. DB2-IBM
6.Oracle
7.SQlite
8.progress
9.Ingress
10.File Maker

(B) Choose one and briefly detail;how does this DBMS handle and/or accommodate data input?

FileMaker Pro is a cross-platform database application from FileMaker Inc. (a subsidiary of Apple Inc.), known for its combination of power and ease of use. It is also noted for the integration of the database engine with its GUI-based interface, which allows users to modify the database by dragging new elements into the layouts/screens/forms that provide the user interface. This results in a "quasi-object" development environment of a kind that is still largely unique in the "industrial strength" database world.FileMaker was one of a handful of database applications released for the Apple Macintosh in the 1980s.FileMaker has compatible versions for both the Mac OS X and Microsoft Windows operating systems and can be networked simultaneously to a mixed Windows and Mac OS X user base. FileMaker is also scalable, being offered in desktop, server, web-delivery and mobile configurations.

(C) Discuss: what other things can a DBMS software do with data.
DBMS is a complex set of software programs that controls the organization, storage, management, and retrieval of data in a database. DBMS are categorized according to their data structures or types, some time DBMS is also known as Data base Manager. It is a set of prewritten programs that are used to store, update and retrieve a Database. It is used to manage and organize database based on a variety of datamodels.

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Correlate:

DATA- is an information process by a computer.
DATABASE- is an application used to store and manipulate data.
- collection of specific related information.
- is a simple application that provides for flat files only and that cannot be programmed,or it may have the capability of producing databases that are programmable and relational.

MANAGEMENT -is a company or organization's facilities for gathering, storing, and managing data for use in decision making.SYSTEM -an orderly arrangement of related elements, as all of the hardware devices that make up a computer or all of computer system or all of the hardware, software, and procedures that make up an accounting system.

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Interrelate:

DATA- is an information that we process into the computer. Data is also an informationin a database that is classified according to its characteristics. Data structure is theway to organized the database in the computer. While dbms is the ono who designedfor the purpose of managing some database on a variety of data models into thecomputer software.

Why input data?
We input data to update some information into the computer. To perform some specific task that come out in our mind, to enhance the information that we gather.

Why process data?
We process data enable for us to know the errors or mistakes of what we input into the computer. To have a copy of our data if ever it is not acceptable, so its easy for us to insert or change the errors that we made.

Output for what?
Output it for us to know if it is already done or not. To clarify the errors that we made. Output it to have some background about our data. we output it for our further study, to be our guide

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Discuss and interrelate the following:

1. Data- refers to a collection of natural phenomena descriptors including the results of experience observation or experiment, or a set of premises. This may consist of numbers, words, or images, particularly as measurements or observations of a set of variables.- The word data is the plural of Latin datum, neuter past participle of dare, "to give", hence "something given

2. Data Structure- is a way of storing data in a computer so that it can be used efficiently. Often a carefully chosen data structure will allow the most efficient algorithm to be used. The choice of the data structure often begins from the choice of an abstract data type. A well-designed data structure allows a variety of critical operations to be performed, using as few resources, both execution time and memory space, as possible.- Data structures are implemented by a programming language as data types and the references and operations they provide.Different kinds of data structures are suited to different kinds of applications, and some are highly specialized to certain tasks. For example, B-trees are particularly well-suited for implementation of databases, while networks of machines rely on routing tables to function.

3. Data Type- in programming languages a data type is an attribute of a datum which tells the computer (and the programmer) something about the kind of datum it is. This involves setting constraints on the datum, such as what values it can take and what operations may be performed upon it.- Common data types may include: integers, floating-point numbers (decimals), and alphanumeric strings.- Also be thought of as a constraint placed upon the interpretation of data in a type system, describing representation, interpretation and structure of values or objects stored in computer memory. The type system uses data type information to check correctness of computer programs that access or manipulate the data.

4. DBMS ( Database Management System) - computer Software designed for the purpose of managing databases based on a variety of data models.- A complex set of software programs that controls the organization, storage, management, and retrieval of data in a database. DBMS are categorized according to their data structures or types, some time DBMS is also known as Data base Manager. It is a set of prewritten programs that are used to store, update and retrieve a Database. A DBMS includes: 1. A modeling language to define the schema of each database hosted in the DBMS, according to the DBMS data model.

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A. Parts of the Computer System:
1. CPU(Central Processing Unit) or Processor
2. Storage:
a. Main Memory
b. Secondary Memory
3. Peripheral Devices:
a. Input Devices
b. Output Devices
B. System-is a set of interacting or interdependent entities, real or abstract, formin an integrated whole. The concept of an 'integrated whole' can also be stated in terms of a system embodying a set of relationships which are differentiated from relationships of the set to other elements, and from relationships between an element of the set and elements not a part of the relational regime.
C. Examples of Platforms:
-Supercomputer architectures.
-RISC processor based machines running UNIX variants:
-Sun computers running the Solaris operating system.
-DEC Alpha cluster running under OpenVMS.
-Macintosh, custom Apple Computer hardware and Mac OS operating system (now migrated on x86).
-Commodity computer platforms, such as:
-Wintel, that is, Intel x86 or compatible hardware and Windows operating system.
-Lintel, that is, Intel x86 or compatible hardware and the Linux operating system.
-x86 with other Unix-like systems such as BSD variants.
-Gumstix full function miniature computers with Linux.
-A mainframe computer with its custom operating system, say an IBM z/OS.
-A midrange computer with its custom operating system, say an IBM OS/400.
-ARM architecture found in mobile devices.
-Any variety of video game console.
D. Management-Management in simple terms means the act of getting people together to accomplish desired goals. Management comprises planning, organizing, resourcing, leading or directing, and controlling an organization (a group of one or more people or entities) or effort for the purpose of accomplishing a goal. Resourcing encompasses the deployment and manipulation of human resources, financial resources, technological resources, and natural resources.